下面来示范一下如何使用光盘文件配置yum库。注意：一定要把/etc/yum.repos.d里的其他文件移到其他地方，否则会报错

进入到/etc/yum.repos.d目录中后创建Yum配置文件：[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# vim rhel7.repo[rhel7]name=rhel7baseurl=file:///media/cdromenabled=1gpgcheck=0[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# mkdir -p /media/cdrom[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom    //挂载mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/fstab   //开机自动挂载/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0

配置好之后，可以使用yum list查看是否配置成功，如果配置成功会显示一堆可用的安装包。如果有报错的话，可以试着把除了这个配置文件外的其他配置文件全部删除（因为其他文件可能都是需要联网的，一旦连不了网，yum list 好像就会异常中断了）

下面这些是关于yum配置文件的介绍，有兴趣可以看一下

yum主配置文件

[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.conf[main]  //所有仓库公共的配置cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever //缓存目录keepcache=0 //程序包在安装完成后不再保存至缓存中debuglevel=2    // 程序安装时的输出信息，数字越大输出信息越多。生产环境中关闭最好，但是开启可以让我们快速定位安装中出现问题的所在logfile=/var/log/yum.log    //日志路径exactarch=1 //安装程序的版本和当前平台保持一致obsoletes=1 //检查包已被废弃gpgcheck=1  //检查源合法性和包的完整性plugins=1   //支持插件installonly_limit=5 //每次安装包的数量限制为5个bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum //bug追踪的路径distroverpkg=centos-release //判断当前系统信息#  This is the default, if you make this bigger yum won't see if the metadata# is newer on the remote and so you'll "gain" the bandwidth of not having to# download the new metadata and "pay" for it by yum not having correct# information.#  It is esp. important, to have correct metadata, for distributions like# Fedora which don't keep old packages around. If you don't like this checking# interupting your command line usage, it's much better to have something# manually check the metadata once an hour (yum-updatesd will do this).# metadata_expire=90m# PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo# in /etc/yum.repos.d[root@bogon ~]#

各配置文件

[root@bogon ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repoCentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo # CentOS-Media.repo##  This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for#  CentOS-7.  You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the#  DVD ISO that we release.## To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:#  yum --enablerepo=c7-media [command]#  # or for ONLY the media repo, do this:##  yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c7-media [command][c7-media]name=CentOS-$releasever - Mediabaseurl=file:///media/CentOS/        file:///media/cdrom/               file:///media/cdrecorder/gpgcheck=1enabled=0   //此仓库不被使用gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7[root@bogon ~]#[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo # CentOS-Base.repo## The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.## If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead.##[base]name=CentOS-$releasever - Basemirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#released updates [updates]name=CentOS-$releasever - Updatesmirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#additional packages that may be useful[extras]name=CentOS-$releasever - Extrasmirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages[centosplus]name=CentOS-$releasever - Plusmirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7[root@bogon ~]#

yum -y install httpd 自动确认安装httpd

yum list //列出全部程序包